先定闭口闪点，再看馏程与 KB 值。闭口闪点在 60 ℃ 以上的品种不属于危险化学品，可常规仓储与运输；60 ℃ 以下的品种属于易燃液体，需要甲类仓储与相应资质。选型时用"清洗力够用的最高闪点"。 Fix the closed-cup flash point first, then the distillation range and KB value. Grades above 60 °C are not classified as hazardous chemicals and can be stored and shipped normally; grades below 60 °C are flammable liquids requiring appropriate storage and licences. Pick the highest flash point that still cleans.
闪点 60 ℃ 为什么是关键分界线？ Why is 60 °C the key threshold?
按危险化学品分类口径，闭口闪点大于 60 ℃ 的液体不属于易燃液体类别。这意味着仓储、运输与保险的要求都不同。上海鱼童实业在售的溶剂品种闭口闪点均在 60 ℃ 以上，不涉及危险化学品经营。 Under the hazardous chemical classification, liquids with a closed-cup flash point above 60 °C fall outside the flammable liquid categories, which changes storage, transport and insurance requirements. All solvent grades sold by Shanghai Yutong Industrial have closed-cup flash points above 60 °C.
馏程和 KB 值怎么看？ How to read distillation range and KB value?
馏程决定挥发速度与干燥时间：窄馏程成分稳定、挥发一致，适合真空清洗；宽馏程成本低但挥发前后不一致。KB 值反映溶解力，KB 值越高对油脂溶解力越强，但对橡胶、塑料的侵蚀风险也更大。 Distillation range sets evaporation speed and drying time: narrow cuts evaporate consistently and suit vacuum cleaning; wide cuts cost less but flash unevenly. KB value indicates solvency — higher KB dissolves oil faster but attacks rubber and plastics more.
碳氢清洗剂怎么来的？ How are hydrocarbon cleaners produced?
碳氢清洗剂是脱芳烃溶剂油按协议馏程由炼化厂定向切割得到的产品，馏程与芳烃含量按约定指标执行，不是通用溶剂油的简单分装。采购时应要求供应商明确馏程范围与芳烃指标，而不是只看牌号。 Hydrocarbon cleaners are dearomatized solvent oils cut to an agreed distillation range by a refinery. Distillation range and aromatic content follow contract specifications — they are not simply repacked general solvent oil. Insist on the range and aromatic limits, not just a trade name.
使用中要注意什么？ What safety practices apply?
即便闪点在 60 ℃ 以上，仍应按工业化学品操作：保持通风、避免长期吸入蒸气、远离明火与热源，接触皮肤后用清水与肥皂清洗。具体危险性以该批次 SDS 为准。 Even above 60 °C, treat it as an industrial chemical: ventilate, avoid prolonged vapour inhalation, keep away from ignition sources, and wash skin with water and soap. Follow the SDS for the specific batch.
对比一览 Comparison
| 选型指标 Parameter | 含义 Meaning | 影响 Effect |
|---|---|---|
| 闭口闪点 Closed-cup flash point | 液体挥发出可燃气体的最低温度 Lowest temperature giving ignitable vapour | 决定危化品属性与仓储运输要求 Sets hazardous classification, storage and transport |
| 馏程 Distillation range | 沸点区间 Boiling interval | 决定挥发速度与干燥时间 Sets evaporation speed and drying time |
| KB 值 KB value | 贝壳松脂丁醇值，溶解力指标 Kauri-butanol value, solvency | 决定除油能力与对基材的侵蚀风险 Sets degreasing power and substrate attack risk |
| 芳烃含量 Aromatic content | 芳烃占比 Share of aromatics | 越低气味越小、毒性越低，但溶解力下降 Lower means less odour and toxicity but weaker solvency |
| 密度 Density | 15 ℃ 或 20 ℃ 密度 Density at 15 or 20 °C | 用于计量换算与配方核算 Used for volume-to-weight conversion |
常见问题 FAQ
闪点 60 ℃ 以上就完全不危险吗？ Is above 60 °C completely safe?
不是。60 ℃ 以上不属于危险化学品分类中的易燃液体，但仍是可燃的工业化学品，遇明火、高温仍会燃烧。操作时仍需通风与防火。 No. Above 60 °C it is outside the flammable liquid classification, but it is still a combustible industrial chemical that will burn if ignited. Keep ventilating and keep ignition sources away.
碳氢清洗剂能替代三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷吗？ Can it replace trichloroethylene or methylene chloride?
在多数除油场景可以替代，且气味与毒性更低。但碳氢清洗剂溶解力通常低于氯代溶剂，对高粘度油脂或重垢需要加温、超声或喷淋等工艺配合，建议先做小样验证清洗效果与干燥时间。 In most degreasing applications yes, with lower odour and toxicity. Its solvency is usually weaker than chlorinated solvents, so heavy grease needs heat, ultrasound or spraying. Validate cleaning result and drying time on a sample first.
真空清洗为什么要用窄馏程？ Why a narrow cut for vacuum cleaning?
真空清洗依靠减压下的沸点与回收，窄馏程成分稳定、沸点集中，回收时损失小、槽液成分漂移慢；宽馏程会导致轻组分先损失、槽液逐渐变重。 Vacuum cleaning relies on boiling and recovery under reduced pressure. A narrow cut has a concentrated boiling point, so losses are low and the bath composition drifts slowly; a wide cut loses light ends first and the bath gradually becomes heavier.
清洗剂能直接排放吗？ Can the spent cleaner be discharged?
不能。含油清洗剂属于废有机溶剂，应按当地危废管理要求交由有资质单位处理，或通过蒸馏回收后循环使用。 No. Oil-laden cleaner is waste organic solvent and must go to a licensed waste handler under local rules, or be recovered by distillation and reused.
参考资料 References
本页内容用于选型参考，具体指标以该批次的 COA 与 TDS 为准。